| Mediator | Symptoms | Pathophysiology |
| b-FGF (basic fibroblast growth factor) | Angiogenesis, proliferation, wound healing, binds heparin | |
| GM-CSF (granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor) | Rheumatoid arthritis | Induces stem cells to make granulocytes and monocycles |
| IL-1a | Fever, insulin resistance, inflammatory pain | Activates TNFa, stimulates production of PGE2, nitric oxide, IL-8 and other chemokines |
| IL-1b | Pain, hypersensitivity | Autoinflammatory syndromes, regulates cell proliferation, differentiation and death, induces COX2 activity to produce inflammatory molecules |
| IL-2 | Itchiness, psoriasis | Regulates T cell differentiation |
| IL-3 | Drives differentiation of several cell types, including mast cells, and proliferation | |
| IL-4 | Airway inflammation, allergic asthma | Regulates T cell differentiation |
| IL-5 | Eosinophilic allergic disease | Activates eosinophils, stimulates proliferation of B cells and antibody secretion, heavily involved in eosinophilic allergic disease |
| IL-6 | Fever, acute phase inflammation, osteoporosis | Inhibits TNFa and IL-1, stimulates bone resorption, reduces inflammation in muscle during exercise |
| IL-9 | Asthma, bronchial hypersensitivity | Increases cell proliferation and impedes apoptosis of hematopoietic cells |
| IL-10 | Regulates the JAK-STAT pathway, interferes with production of interferons and TNFa. Exercise increases levels of IL-10 | |
| IL-13 | Airway disease, goblet cell metaplasia, oversecretion of mucus | Induces IgE release from B cells, links allergic inflammation to non-immune cells |
| IL-16 | Allergic asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn’s disease | Attracts activated T cells to inflamed spaces, |
| IL-18 | Linked to several autoimmune and inflammatory conditions, including Hashimoto’s thyroiditis | Induces release of interferon-g, causes severe inflammatory reactions |
| Interferon-a | Flu like symptoms, malaise, muscle soreness, fever, sore throat, nausea | Inhibition of mast cell growth and activity |
| Interferon-b | Flu like symptoms, malaise, muscle soreness, fever, sore throat, nausea | Inhibition of mast cell growth and activity |
| Interferon-g | Granuloma formation, chronic asthma | Induces production of nitric oxide, IgG2a and IgG3 from B cells, increases production of histamine, airway reactivity and inflammation |
| Leukotriene B4 | Mucus secretion, bronchoconstriction, vascular instability, pain | Draws white cells to site of inflammation |
| Leukotriene C4 | Mucus secretion, bronchoconstriction, vascular instability, pain | Draws white cells to site of inflammation |
| MCP-1 | Neuroinflammation, diseases of neuronal degeneration, glomerulonephritis | Draws white blood cells to inflamed spaces, |
| MIF (macrophage migration inhibitory factor) | Regulate acute immune response, release triggered by steroids | |
| MIP-1a (macrophage inflammatory protein) | Fibrosis | Activates granulocytes, nduces release of IL-1, IL-6 and TNFa |
| Neurotrophin-3 | Nerve growth factor | |
| NGF (nerve growth factor) | Regulates survival and growth of nerve cells, suppresses inflammation | |
| Nitric oxide | Bruising, hematoma formation, excessive bleeding | Vasodilation, inhibition of platelet aggregation |
| PDGF (platelet derived growth factor) | Platelet growth factor, growth of blood vessels, wound healing | |
| Platelet activating factor | Constriction of airway; urticaria; pain | Platelet activation and aggregation, vasodilation |
| Prostaglandin D2 | Flushing, mucus secretion, bronchoconstriction, vascular instability, mixed organic brain syndrome, nausea, abdominal pain, neuropsych symptoms, nerve pain | Inflammation, pain, bronchoconstriction |
| Prostaglandin E2 | Muscle contractions, cough | Draws white blood cells to site of inflammation |
| RANTES (CCL5) | Osteoarthritis | Attracts white cells to inflamed spaces, causes proliferation of some white cells |
| SCF (stem cell factor) | Regulates mast cell life cycle, induces histamine release | |
| TGFb (transforming growth factor beta) | Bronchial asthma, heart disease, lung fibrosis, telangiectasia, Marfan syndrome, vascular Ehlers syndrome syndrome | Regulates vascular and connective tissues |
| TNFa (tumor necrosis factor) | Fever, weight loss, fatigue | Regulates death of cells and acute inflammation |
| VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) | Bronchial asthma, diabetes | Angiogenesis, draws white cells to inflamed spaces, vasodilation |