Amentoflavone |
Ginkgo biloba, St. John’s Wort |
Decreases histamine release |
Artekeiskeanol A |
Artemisa keiskeana |
May treat arthritis
Decreases mast cell degranulation
Decreases production of IL-13 and TNF |
Curcimin |
Turmeric |
Decreases degranulation
Decreases production of IL-4 and TNF |
Ellagic acid |
Strawberries, raspberries, pomegranate, walnuts |
Suppresses IgE activation
Decreases release of histamine, TNF, IL-6 |
Emodin |
Rhubarb, frangula bark |
Decreases IgE degranulation
Decreases IgE triggered production of TNF, PGD2, LTC4
Decreases secretion of TNF and IL-6 |
Epigallocatechin gallate |
White and green teas, apples, onions, hazelnuts |
Decreases degranulation
Decreases LTC4 secretion |
Fisetin |
Apples, onions, persimmon, strawberries, cucumber |
Decreases IgE degranulation
Decreased IgE triggered histamine release
Decreases production of IL-1b, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF
Decreased action of NF-kB, decreased mediator production |
Furanocoumarin from Angelica dahurica |
Angelica dahurica |
Inhibits COX-2 and 5-LO, decreasing production of prostaglandins and LTC4 |
Genistein |
Genista tinctoria |
Decreases IgE degranulation
Decreases histamine release
Nature tyrosine kinase inhibitor |
Ginkgetin |
Gingko biloba |
Inhibits COX-2 and 5-LO, inhibiting production of prostaglandins and leukotrienes |
Gnetin H |
Paeonia aneomala |
Resveratrol derived polymer
Decreases mast cell degranulation
Effective at lower dose than reservatrol
Decreases histamine secretion
Decreases production of TNF, IL-4, COX-2 and PGE2 |
Homoisoflavonone |
Cremastra appendiculata |
Inhibits COX-2 and 5-LO, inhibiting production of prostaglandins and leukotrienes
Decreases IgE triggered production of TNF and IL-6 |
Honokiol |
Magnolia obovata |
Suppresses allergic response and basophil activation |
Hydroxytyrosol |
Olive oil, olive leaves |
Inhibited activation of mast cells at high concentration |
Hypothemycin |
Hypomyces mushrooms |
Interfere with activation of CKIT and IgE receptors, inhibiting mast cell activation
Decreases production of IL-4 |
Kaempferol |
Potatoes, squash, cucumbers, peaches, Aloe versa |
Decreases IgE degranulation
Decreased IgE triggered histamine release
Affects estrogen signaling |
Luteolin |
Celery, carrots, chamomile tea |
Prophylactic use of luteolin suppresses activation of mast cells and T cells
Decreases IgE degranulation
Decreases production of mediators |
Magnolol |
Magnolia obovata |
Suppresses allergic response and basophil activation |
Morin |
Osage orange, guava |
Decreases mast cell degranulation
Decreases IgE activation |
Myricetin |
Walnuts, onions, red grapes |
Decreases IgE degranulation
Decreased IgE triggered histamine release
Decreases production of IL-6 and TNF
Decreased action of NF-kB, decreased mediator production |
Polydatin |
|
Resveratrol precursor
Makes small intestine mucosa less “leaky” and inhibited allergic reaction in intestines
Decreases degranulation by up to 65%
Decreases histamine in intestinal mucosa and serum
Decreases production of IL-4 |
Quercetin |
Red onion, sweet potato, kale |
Inhibits production of histamine, prostaglandins, leukotrienes, IL-1b, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF |
Resveratrol |
Grapes, raspberries, blueberries, peanuts |
Directly interferes with degranulation
Decreases production of TNF, IL-6 and IL-8 |
Rottlerin |
Mallotus philippensis |
Decreases degranulation of airway mast cells
Decreases histamine release
Suppresses IgE activation |
Rutin |
|
Decreases IgE degranulation
Decreased IgE triggered histamine release
Decreases production of IL-1b, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF
Decreased action of NF-kB, decreased mediator production |
Scopoletin |
Stinging nettle, Japanese belladonna, chicory, passion flower |
Decreases production of TNF, IL-6, IL-8
Inhibits NF-kB, affecting mediator production |
Selinidin |
Angelia keiskei |
Inhibits IgE degranulation
Decreases production of LTC4 and TNF |
Substance |
Source |
Function |
Thunberginol A |
Hydrangeae macrophylla |
Decreases histamine release
Decreases production of TNF and IL-4 |
Thunberginol B |
Hydrangeae macrophylla |
Decreases degranulation from IgE or other sources
Decreases IgE triggered production of IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-13, TNF and GM-CSF |
Xanthones from purple mangosteen |
Garcinia mangostana |
Decreases release of histamine, PGD2, LTC4 and IL-6 |